| Law / Section | Offense | Punishment | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | | Capturing, publishing, or transmitting private images without consent. | Up to 3 years imprisonment and a fine of up to ₹2 lakh. | | IT Act, Sec. 67 & 67A | Publishing or transmitting obscene/sexually explicit content in electronic form. | Up to 5 years imprisonment and a fine of up to ₹10 lakh for first offense. | | BNS, Sec. 77 (Voyeurism) | Watching, capturing, or sharing images of a private act without consent. | 3 to 7 years imprisonment. | | BNS, Sec. 296 | Committing an obscene act in a public place. | This section was applied to the Navi Mumbai couple caught on the bus. | | BNS, Sec. 308 (Extortion) | Threatening to share intimate images to extract money. | Applicable in cases of sextortion, like the Joshua Francis case. |
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Under the Information Technology (IT) Act of 2000, publishing or transmitting obscene material in electronic form (Section 67) and capturing or transmitting images of a private area without consent (Section 66E) are punishable criminal offenses. Furthermore, if the video was leaked without the consent of the parties involved, it constitutes non-consensual pornography—a crime that carries severe penalties, including hefty fines and imprisonment. The Right to Privacy | Law / Section | Offense | Punishment