In 1928, Alexander Fleming revolutionized modern medicine with the accidental discovery of penicillin. For decades following, humanity held the upper hand in the war against bacterial infections. Lethal diseases like tuberculosis, pneumonia, and syphilis suddenly became curable. This golden era of medicine saw the development of dozens of new synthetic and natural antimicrobial agents, drastically increasing global life expectancy. However, this period of undisputed triumph was short-lived. Today, the world faces a post-antibiotic era, where minor scratches and routine surgeries could once again become life-threatening due to the rapid rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Paragraph B

Here are some IELTS reading answers related to the topic:

Explanation: Paragraph D states antibiotics are used "...to promote growth...". The summary uses the verb "encourage", so the noun "growth" fits best. "Growth promotion" is also acceptable as it appears in the text later.

Paragraph B explains that antibiotic resistance is an evolutionary phenomenon driven by "natural selection" and exposure to an "antimicrobial agent," further exacerbated by clinical overprescription and livestock farming. The text does not attribute resistance to agricultural pesticides. 8. Answer: FALSE